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Pregnancy- Rh Incompatibility  

by Chris Dunn

The Rh factor is a blood protein in red blood cells found in some people. If you have the protein, you are Rh positive (Rh+), if your blood does not have the protein, you are Rh negative (Rh-). Rh incompatibility happens when the mom is Rh- and the baby is Rh+. However, most women are Rh+ and therefore only a small percentage of women have to deal with this problem.

In your first prenatal appointment, your doctor typically takes a blood sample to find out if you are Rh-. If your blood test results in Rh- blood, the child's father is tested to determine his Rh factor. Once you know the father's Rh factor your doctor will be able to better determine the babys Rh factor. If the babys father is Rh+, there may be a chance that the baby could have inherited Rh+ blood as well, which may cause Rh incompatibility.

If Rh incompatibility occurs your blood will see your babys blood as a foreigner and produce antibodies that will destroy your child's red blood cells depleting the number of red blood cells. The baby may require a blood transfusion if it cannot generate red blood cells as fast as they are being demolished. Usually a blood transfusion can wait to be performed until you have given birth although transfusions can be given when the baby is still inside of the uterusbut this is very rare.

In order for Rh incompatibility to become a problem your baby's blood must find its way into your system. Generally this only occurs during delivery, miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. In your first pregnancy, you'll be less likely to have an Rh incompatibility since your babys blood has not gotten into your blood stream. For that reason, Rh incompatibility normally only happens in subsequent pregnancies if your previous babys blood found it's way into your system.

To stop you from creating antibodies that will harm your babys blood, your doctor will inject you with a drug called Rho-GAM. This drug is usually injected at 28 weeks of pregnancy and again 3 days after delivery. Rho-GAM is also injected after a miscarriage, amniocentesis and CVS. This will prevent your body from producing antibodies, which could create problems for you in later pregnancies.


About the Author

Chris Dunn enjoys writing articles relating to birth for his pregnancy website.

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